Nucleus and Cytoplasm in Heredity

The Nucleus in Relation to Heredity and Sex.

Coupling of the nucleus and cytoplasm

The nuclear envelope defines the barrier between the nucleus and cytoplasm and features inner and outer membranes separated by a perinuclear space (PNS). The inner nuclear membrane contains specific integral proteins that include Sun1 and Sun2. Although the outer nuclear membrane (ONM) is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum, it is nevertheless enriched in several integral membrane protein...

Translational Diffusion of Macromolecule-sized Solutes in Cytoplasm and Nucleus

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) was used to quantify the translational diffusion of microinjected FITC-dextrans and Ficolls in the cytoplasm and nucleus of MDCK epithelial cells and Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. Absolute diffusion coefficients (D) were measured using a microsecond-resolution FRAP apparatus and solution standards. In aqueous media (viscosity 1 cP), D for the FITC-dext...

Dynamics of galectin-3 in the nucleus and cytoplasm.

This review summarizes selected studies on galectin-3 (Gal3) as an example of the dynamic behavior of a carbohydrate-binding protein in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells. Within the 15-member galectin family of proteins, Gal3 (M(r) approximately 30,000) is the sole representative of the chimera subclass in which a proline- and glycine-rich NH(2)-terminal domain is fused onto a COOH-terminal ca...

Sodium exchange in the cytoplasm and nucleus of amphibian oocytes.

Oocytes of Rana pipiens were incubated in "Na-Ringer's solution and "Nal 3 Na exchange in the nucleus and cytoplasm followed by low-tempeiature microdissection. Cytoplasmic sodium consists of 2 kinetic fractions: the larger (88 %) slowly exchanging (t^ ~ 2 days), and the smaller (12%) rapidly exchanging (ij ~ 53 min). Nuclear sodium consists of a single fraction whose concentration is similar a...